The Geoeconomics of China's Belt and Road Initiative: Strategy, Objectives, and Global Implications

Abstract

The rise of geoeconomics has transformed contemporary geopolitics by highlighting the subtle use of economic tools in political and strategic plans. In this context, China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects a mammoth example of geoeconomic statecraft, combining infrastructure development, investment, trade connectivity, and technological collision to proliferate China’s global influence. This article examines the geoeconomics of the BRI by analysing its strategic foundations, objectives, and global implications. It explores the evolution of geoeconomics and its application in China’s foreign policy through economic statecraft, including infrastructure corridors, the Maritime Silk Road, and the Digital Silk Road. Particularly, this article argues that the BRI extends beyond economic cooperation by serving as a strategic framework to maximise China’s geopolitical position, secure resources and markets, and influence global governance. It also evaluates the opportunities and challenges arising from China’s expanding geoeconomic engagement in the emerging world order.